Thursday, May 30, 2013

Preterism vs. Futurism: The Malachy Prophecy

I had considered taking a break from the Preterism vs. Futurism series I have been doing so that I could focus on a few other topics, afterward continuing the current series. That was until the end of band rehearsal tonight. On the pulpit was a magazine called, Endtime. One particular article caught my attention, and I am going to address it.

The executive editor, Irvin Baxter, is a Pentecostal minister. He is also the founder and president of Endtime Ministries. The ministry's purpose is to preach the gospel of the kingdom to every person on Earth, for the end is now.

Or so they think.

Like so many others who focus on eschatology, Baxter's intentions are quite pure. I've little doubt of that. I find that he is knowledgeable of what it is he believes, though I find his beliefs unscriptural in so many ways. In the May/June 2013 issue of Endtime, Baxter has written an article titled, “Is Pope Francis the False Prophet?” This caught my eye because I have been awaiting a thorough analysis concerning St. Malachy's “prophecy” (if only Christians realized this “prophecy” is no more than a 16th century forgery...).


The Background Details

The first heading reads: “St. Malachy's Prophecy of the Last Pope.” Baxter begins with some details concerning Malachy:

“St. Malachy was the Archbishop of Armagh, Ireland. He claimed he experienced a vision while visiting Rome in 1139 AD. He said he saw every pope that would exist from the time of his vision until the last pope. The last pope would be the 112th from the time of his vision. Malachy also stated that God would judge His people and the city of Rome would be destroyed during the reign of the last pope. In Malachy's vision, a clue was given as the the identity of each pope, including the 112th one. The clue for the 112th pope was 'Peter the Roman' (Baxter, Irvin, Endtime, 10, 2013).

The manuscript containing Malachy's prophecy was supposedly stored in the Vatican Secret Archives, and forgotten, until the end of the 16th century. By the time John Paul II was nearing his death, observations concerning this line of 112 popes began to become more common. The 111th pope was identified as “Gloria Olivae,” or “the glory of the olive.” While the 111th pope, Joseph Ratzinger, had no ties to an olive, his papal name did. Ratzinger occupied the papacy under the name Benedict XVI. Baxter writes:

“The original Benedict became the founder of the Benedictine order, one of the most prominent orders in the Roman Catholic Church. And the symbol of the Benedictine order? The olive! Now Malachy's prophecy seemed more credible than ever!”

Of course, Ratzinger wouldn't purposefully choose that name to fulfill Malachy's “prophecy,” would he? Nah. That's absurd...right?

In February of 2013, Benedict XVI resigned. Uh-oh. If Ratzinger was the 111th pope, that means the next pope would be the one, two, three...112th pope! The following month would see the naming of the “last pope,” Jorge Mario Bergoglio of Argentina. Bergoglio decided to occupy the papacy under the name Francis. Pope Francis is unique, for he was Argentina's superior of the Society of Jesus, otherwise known as the Jesuits. Why is this interesting? Jesuits do not seek ecclesiastical offices.


Elements of Malachy's Prophecy

Baxter, on page 12, lists five elements of Malachy's prophecy: 1) There is going to be a final pope; 2) During his reign, the Roman Catholic Church will be judged; 3) During his papacy, Rome, the city of seven hills, will be destroyed; 4) The last pope will be the 112th pope from 1139 AD; 5) The clue to his identity is “Peter the Roman.”

Baxter writes, “The prophecies of the Bible perfectly agree with the first three points of the Malachy prophecy” (p.12). Actually, that's not true at all. According to Baxter's Dispensational paradigm the Bible may agree with the first three points, but as for what's actually written in the Bible it shares no such relationship. Before addressing this, I'd like to take a look at Baxter's analysis a little more.

Baxter took the time to list how the Bible's prophecies differ from Malachy's: 1); The Bible states that a final pope is coming. However, it does not say he will be the 112th pope from 1139 AD; 2) The scriptures say nothing about “Peter the Roman”; 3) The Bible says the last pope will be in alliance with the world's last political leader – the Antichrist; 4) The scriptures call the last pope the False Prophet; 5) The biblical prophecies say the final pope will perform many signs and lying wonders, even pulling down fire from heaven. These miracles will be used to deceive the people of the world; 6) The final pope will influence the world to give their allegiance to the Antichrist and his one-world government; 7) The False Prophet will endorse a program of global socialism, causing all people to receive a mark or number that will be required for buying and selling. This “Mark of the Beast” will apparently be a global scheme for wealth redistribution (social justice); 8) The Second Coming of Jesus will end the reign of the Antichrist and the False Prophet. At that time they will both be cast into the lake of fire (Revelation 19:20).

Amazingly, after listing eight biblical “facts,” Baxter provides one citation of scripture for proof. And why is this? Because everything else he lists is based on interpretation, not what the text is actually saying.


Malachy and Baxter Analyzed

In our list of five elements contained in Malachy's prophecy, the first thing Baxter noted was that there would be a final pope. Baxter claims scripture agrees with this. According to Futurist theology, there will be an end to the current world someday. Thus, a final pope someday is simply natural ratiocination per Baxter's paradigm. Scripture, however, does not even address an “end of the world,” rather an “end of the age.” This “end” was already present in the first century (Acts 2:16-21; Hebrews 1:1-2). For more on why the “last days” are already past, read my article on how to identify the last days (http://fulfilledfocus.blogspot.com/2013/03/preterism-vs-futurism-last-days.html ).

The second aspect of Malachy's prophecy is the judgment of the Roman Catholic Church during this final pope's time in office. If Dispensational theology is correct, it would make sense this would take place (he would have to be the final pope if the Catholic church is going to be destroyed during his time as pope). Baxter comes to this conclusion because he interprets Mystery Babylon as being the Roman Catholic Church (http://www.endtime.com/urgent-questions/mystery-babylon-who-is-it/ ). He, of course, cannot provide scriptural proof for this (the Bible doesn't name Mystery Babylon as Rome, but it does apply all characteristics to Jerusalem), because none exists. Scripture does, however, support Jerusalem as the harlot city. I've also written on this (http://fulfilledfocus.blogspot.com/2013/04/preterism-vs-futurism-zionists-are.html ).

The third aspect of the Malachy forgery—er, prophecy—is that Rome would be destroyed at the time of the 112th pope. Baxter likely agrees with this because of his identification of Mystery Babylon. It would make sense. But this isn't scriptural, either. The fourth beast was the Roman empire of antiquity, not the Roman Catholic Church, or a “revived Roman empire.” That is all nonsense. The last days came to a close in A.D. 70. Rome was certainly prophetically relevant at one time! No doubt about it. But that relevance ceased at the end of the last days, when Jerusalem was laid to waste by Titus and his army.

The fourth aspect is that the final pope would be the 112th pope from A.D. 1139. Baxter does agree that this is not scriptural, though he does believe in a final pope in general.

The fifth and final aspect is the name “Peter the Roman.” I have found one attempt at making this work with Pope Francis, and it was a pathetic effort. In Baxter's lists of differences, he does note that this is also not supported by scripture.


Conclusion

Baxter has made it quite clear that he believes the pope to be the False Prophet. But even if God had given Malachy prophetic insight into the future of the Catholic church (which I don't believe happened), it certainly wasn't a vision pertaining to the end times. I'll be writing articles dedicated to the False Prophet, Antichrist, and others in the future, but for now consider the following:

The last days were taking place in the first century and were already present during Christ's ministry (Hebrews 1:1-2). Peter affirms this when the Spirit is poured out on Pentecost (Acts 2:1-4,16-21). He quotes Joel's prophecy and tells us this was for the last days, and was fulfilled at that very moment (cf. Joel 2:28-32). Jesus said that some standing there, at that moment, would be alive to see the Messiah return in glory (Matthew 16:27-28). Likewise, he told his disciples in the Olivet Discourse that this same generation—his generation—would not pass away before the Son of man returned (Matthew 24:34). I think it is pretty obvious that they were to expect Christ's parousia before that generation passed away, don't you?

The book of Revelation runs parallel with the Olivet Discourse (Matthew 24, Mark 13, Luke 21). Mystery Babylon (who Baxter identifies as Rome/RCC) is also seemingly where the False Prophet resides, who he claims is the pope. However, if the judgment of harlot Babylon is the time of the avenging of the saints (Revelation 18:24; 19:2), and Jesus said his own generation would experience this when Jerusalem is destroyed (Luke 21:22-24), by what logic can one conclude that the identification of the False Prophet/Mystery Babylon is a person/entity outside of these restrictions!? It is impossible to make such a claim!

Case in point, Baxter fails to apply any form of consistent hermeneutic to his theology. He is guilty of the same newspaper exegesis of every other Dispensationalist. I say again, I believe he is sincere in what he believes. I also appreciate his ministry's concern for spreading the gospel (says a lot more about him than most Full Preterists). But Baxter only hurts his efforts with these ridiculous and silly interpretations. He isn't preaching the true gospel, which is a fulfilled gospel!

Perhaps Baxter will change his views someday. I'd like to see someone like him teach the one eschatological view that isn't make believe.



Blessings,

Jason Watt

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